Venezuela’s economic conditions have repeatedly undercut the ability of its military to maintain the planes in its fleet.

the Air Force, the General Directorate of Military Counterintelligence (DGCIM) and the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (Sebin). Padrino López has been Defense Minister since October 2014.

Of course, that’s the only range that matters, since Venezuela’s Air Force lacks tanker aircraft. This bird possesses thrust-vectoring engines, based on the Russian AL-31F engine, giving the ...